Friday, January 24, 2020

Drugs Should NOT be Legal :: Against Legalization of Drugs

Drugs Should NOT be Legal Everyone agrees that something must be done about the tremendous physical and emotional health problems that drug abuse causes. Concern about the abuse of drugs is so widespread that recent polls indicate it to be one of the most serious problems in today's world, threatening the security and freedom of whole nations. Politicians, health experts and much of the general public feel that no issue is more important than drug abuse. America's other pressing social problems- disease, poverty, child abuse and neglect, and corruption- often have a common element; that is drug abuse. The use of illegal drugs such as cocaine, crack, heroin and marijuana cause extensive harm to the body and brain. Yet, even after knowing this many people want illegal drugs to be legalized in every aspect. The last thing we need is a policy that makes widely available substances that impair memory, concentration and attention span; why in God's name foster the uses of drugs that make you stupid? The campaign for drug legalization is morally disgusting.The number of people who are addicted to illegal drugs or are users of these drugs is quite shocking. Drug abuse is clearly an injurious and sometimes fatal problem. The leaders of the international economic summit in Paris in July 1989 concluded that the devastating proportions of the drug problem calls for decisive action. On September 5, 1989, President Bush called upon the United States to join in an all-out fight against drugs. The United States Congress reports an estimated 25 to 30 million addicts of illegal drugs worldwide. Not all users are addicts, but some of the 26 million regular users of illegal drugs in the United States are addicted. Reports of child abuse to New York social services tripled between 1986 and 1988 and most of the cases involved drug abuse. Approximately 35 percent of the inmates of state prison were under the influence of illegal drugs at the time they committed the crimes for which they are incarcerated. In some parts of the country, that percentage is as high as 75 to 80! Another fact that hits people hard is that out-right deaths from illegal drugs have quadrupled in the last ten years! The proportion of 19 to 22 year olds who were at risk from using illegal drugs rose from 44 percent in 1980 to 69 percent in 1987. Among 17-18 year olds the shift over the same interval was from 50 percent to 74 percent (Williams 226)! The abuse of illegal drugs is very threatening to America's future. These drugs are the cause of many problems and crimes.

Thursday, January 16, 2020

Family Systems Intervention

Family Systems Interventions Intervention skills: Facilitating family change Change skills 1. Break maladaptive interaction patterns 2. Clarity problematic consequences 3. Alter affective blocks 4. Initiate cognitive restructuring 5. Implement new adaptive patterns 6. Mobilize external resources as required Break Maladaptive Patterns †¢ Intervene to control maladaptive patterns by restructuring family interaction verbally or physically †¢When appropriate, facilitate the adaptive expression of anger of one family member in order to block the recurrent problematic behavior of anotherClarify problematic consequences †¢Confront family members on the problematic consequences of their own behaviors †¢Provide verbal or nonverbal support before and after direct confrontation whenever possible Alter Affective Blocks †¢Convey the importance of expressing and clarifying affective experience in order to better comprehend the maintenance of overt behavior patterns. †¢Remove inappropriate affective blocks by encouraging open discussion of the emotional turmoil of family members; validate their experience, clarify the content, and provide support Initiate Cognitive Restructuring Call into question collective beliefs, values, or goals that appear to be problematic and initiate open discussion and reevaluation of relevant issues. †¢To prevent new affect from blocking further progress, encourage the expression and discharge of emotion (especially through laughing or crying) while modifying a previous cognitive set. †¢Provide appropriate new information or a reformulation as required to develop more adaptive comprehension †¢Encourage family members to consider new ideas further and to continue to discuss specific issues at home in order to reach a reality-based consensus.Implement New Adaptive Patterns †¢Using behavioral principles, apply social reinforcements to strengthen appropriate behaviors at any ti me during the sessions an d encourage family members to do the same. †¢Elicit family member’s willingness to be receptive to suggestions and invite specific behavioral suggestion from other family members (or offer some). †¢Coach the family in implementing changes that are compatible with appropriate development tasks for the whole family as well as individual family members. Introduce adaptive changes in behavior during the interview by redirecting interaction patterns and altering spatial and seating arrangements to rearrange subsystems. Mobilize External Resources as Required †¢Openly admit to lack of progress as explore possible inhibiting factors both inside and outside the family. Effective Assessment and Intervention First, workers must develop an attitude that values the potential of families to change.Assessment and mobilization of family strengths should focus on the positives related to many areas, including †¢Family relationships: caring for members, gender roles that a re respected and valued, parental-child relationships based on the best of the child, physical and emotional self-care, the presence of positive family events and successes, supportive couple relationships, family history of previous successes in conflict management, a strong family identity †¢Individual family member skills: cognitive and intellectual abilities, a positive attitude, competent parenting, positive role-modeling, ability to build and access supportive social environments †¢Personal qualities: motivation, goal directedness, self-esteem and competence, an ability to laugh at oneself, inner strengths and resources, strong relational, abilities, nondefensiveness, willingness to work on issues despite challenges †¢Availability of community resources: friends and caring other outside the family, supportive relatives, health care, education, recreation, spiritual community, social services, the skills to navigate in these community resources †¢Seeing and learning: the ability to recognize difficult life experiences and to learn from these experiences Key Strategies in working with strengths †¢ The strength’s perspective capitalizes on the power and will of the family to self-correct with the help of appropriate environmental supports. †¢Words have the power to build up or tear done discourage or encourage. Pathology-based words darken the vista by imposing problems while strength-based words impose solutions and hope. Use a dictionary of helping, a dictionary that includes the use of such words as empowerment, skills, hope, support, ability, and knowledge Assessment and intervention will be more effective if the family social worker keeps the following considerations in mind: †¢Be keenly attuned to culture and adhere to culturally sensitive practices †¢Focus on family needs †¢Respect client autonomy †¢Avoid fostering unnecessary dependency †¢Reassess and re-interpret client resistance as avo idance of pain †¢Keep healthy professional boundaries while remaining emotionally available Culturally Sensitive Practice †¢ We advocate for cultural competence for all workers-competence that avoids the application of stereotypical checklists to families from minority cultures. Suggesting that a single program model or intervention can meet the needs of all cultural families risks stereotyping an reducing each culture to a single entity. †¢Not all members of a cultural group are connected in the same way to their cultural heritage placater †¢Some groups will have blended traditional and nontraditional practices in their daily living. †¢Acculturation can be seen as a mosaic, blending traditional native ways with dominant cultural ways. Five program structures that can be incorporated into family social worker in order to work appropriately with families from different cultures. 1. Workers must have a sincere interest in learning and accepting different cultu res. 2. Workers can learn to challenge their ethnocentric beliefs as a n integral part of family social work. 3.Family social workers can be open to collaboration with traditional cultural healers and leaders and support family choices about traditional sources of help that parallel, supplement, or replace interventions that are more common. 4. Family social workers should be familiar with and be prepared ti use existing client support systems, following the appropriate cultural protocols. 5. The intervention skills used by family social workers can adapted to specific cultures 6. Family social workers can seek specific cultural knowledge, which includes awareness of communication patterns, worldviews, belief systems, and values 7. Knowing how to gain entrance into a cultural community is important if a worker were to access culturally appropriate resources for a family.Reassess Clients’ Resistance Resistance may be a message from the client that the family social worker is o verstepping the boundaries of the relationship. Resistance can also signal that the issues being discussed are sensitive to the client. Set Realistic Expectations A sixth guideline for family social workers is to foster families’ feelings of competence, rather than inadequacy. Hepworth and Larsen (1993) list the following ecological interventions that family social workers can perform for families: †¢Supplementing resources in the home environment †¢Developing and enhancing support systems †¢Moving and enhancing support systems †¢Moving clients to a new environment Increasing the responsiveness of organizations to people’s needs †¢Enhancing interactions between organizations and institutions †¢Improving institutional environments †¢Developing new resources The way a problem is defined often depends on †¢How the family initially defines the problem †¢The theoretical perspective the family social worker uses †¢The mandate of the agency and how the agency views problems. For example, some agencies embrace solution-focused counseling and define problems to fit theory †¢How the problem is defined jointly between the family and worker in a way that both feel offers the most opportunities to create positive change. Unique ways of viewing a problem 1.A traditional analytic view is that symptomatic person in the problem. 2. The social systems assumption is that the family is the problem – problems evolving from relationship patterns within the family 3. The attempted solution is the problem. This is an interesting view that could be simplified by saying, â€Å"if what you are doing does not work, stop doing it and try something different! † Circular Patters †¢ The term patterns mean that the same behavior happens repeatedly and becomes predictable. †¢When a family is mired in problems, it may be because their repetitive patterns have produced gridlock without providing an adequ ate response to the issue at hand.In this way, the solution becomes the problem. Because the patterns are habits, family members feel secure in the stability they provide. The habitual patterns might be hurtful to individuals and harmful to the family system, but because family members are unaware of or unskilled in other ways of responding, they are unable to change, and the family is described as being stuck. †¢A pattern is a circular sequence of communication that occurs three times. †¢Alternatively, the worker may set the stage to encourage family members to play out their usual family patterns. ? 1. Clarify with the family these patterns, pointing out the relationship between affect, or feelings, and behavior.For example, father scolds child, child feels hurt, child pouts, father feels frustrated, father scolds, and around and around the pattern goes. It is helpful for a family to see how they go around in theses maladaptive circles. 2. When this is done, help clarify any family rules or myths that perpetuate these patterns, for example, a myth that the only way a child will listen to a parent is when the parent yells at the child. 3. When clarifying a circular pattern with a family, it is necessary to explore underlying feelings and any additional behaviors. 4. Point out evidence of emotional distress and get members to label specific feelings. When feelings are out in the open.Particularly fears and hurts, they can be directly faced 5. Encourage the family to provide each member with reassurance and support 6. Help the family develop understanding of each other by bringing their circular patterns out in the open and including underlying feelings. 7. After the dysfunctional patterns have been identified, the worker should then get the family to think of helpful adaptive patterns to deal with problem situations. 8. Help the family negotiate simultaneous change 9. Reinforce family member’s constructive suggestions 10. Coach family members in trying out new adaptive behaviors and assign realistic tasks explicitly as homework.Lineal Circular, strategic and reflexive question †¢Lineal questions ask for basic information and assume a cause-and –effect sequence. †¢Circular questions, on the other hand, are based on circular causality and the connections among family members. Circular questions help the family social worker to learn about ongoing patterns of family interaction and the effects that family members’ behaviors have on one another. †¢Circular questions are intended to create change, whereas lineal questions are intended to draw out information. †¢Strategic questions are directed at change, on the basis of the family social worker’s assessment of the situation.The underlying intent of strategic questions is to correct behavior. †¢Reflexive questions ask clients to become self-observers. Detriangulation Detriangulation involves developing strategies through which the family worker disrupts one triangle and opens up the family members to new, more functional alliances or triangles. Four possible methods of detriangulation are available for the family social worker. 1. One way of detriangulatiojn is to point the triangle out to the three people. 2. Another method of detriangulation is ensuring that family members interact as dyads. 3. Another method is through reversal, or getting one person in the triangle to do the opposite of the pattern. 4.Detriangulation also can occur by shifting alliances that is who does what with whom. If the mother is always the one trying to get a child to comply with a command, change can be accomplished by having the father gain the child’s compliance. Working with Involuntary clients Clients usually look for on of two outcomes from family social work. Some just want to eliminate the pain created by the problem, and in the process want to be nurtured. These clients may be satisfied once the initial stress has b een alleviated, and they may avoid making difficult or lasting changes. Other clients want to change their lives in concrete ways. They are willing to work hard to achieve needed changes in their lives.These are the most rewarding clients for family social workers. Many involuntary clients are precontemplators. In other words, they do not believe they have a problem. Others may acknowledge they have a problem but are not prepared to work on it. Families need to know that participating in family social work is their choice. The family social worker should emphasize that freedom from unwanted agency intervention will occur when the conditions of the court order or contracted work are met. Work with involuntary clients begins by finding out what it is like for them to be ordered into family work. This question is one way of showing empathy and starting where the client is.When clients are court ordered, they should be informed that some conditions of the work are not negotiable and the y need to understand the specific conditions for termination. When clients do not want work, the family social worker can print out that the family has a right not to participate but that nonparticipation involves some consequences. Motivation is the flip side of resistance. Direct confrontation about responsibility for problems during the assessment phase is likely to produce defensiveness rather that lead to change. Instead, using empathy and rolling with resistance might be most productive. The single most important skill for working with family resistance is being able to identify when it may be counterproductive to push an issue with the family.

Wednesday, January 8, 2020

How Was Tyrannosaurus Rex Discovered

Easily the most famous dinosaur that ever lived, Tyrannosaurus Rex is a case study in how much we know, and how much we don’t know, about how dinosaurs behaved millions of years ago. For example, while we have a pretty good idea what T. Rex looked like, we’re still not sure whether it actively hunted its food, whether it was warm- or cold-blooded (or something in between), or even whether it could run faster than a little old lady on a three-speed bike. Tyrannosaurus Rex: The Early Years Some of the first, fragmentary fossils of Tyrannosaurus Rex were discovered by the famous paleontologist Edward Drinker Cope (with Othniel. C. Marsh, one of the participants in the notorious 19th-century Bone Wars) in South Dakota in 1892. Drinker promptly named his find Manospondylus gigax, which translates roughly as â€Å"giant thin vertebra†Ã¢â‚¬â€and who knows how history might have changed if that colorless name had stuck. (In retrospect, because they were only classified years after the event, various T. Rex fragments were discovered before 1892: scattered teeth in Colorado, in 1874, and skull fragments in Wyoming around 1890.) Fortunately, a succession of more complete fossil discoveries in Wyoming shortly after the turn of the century (by Barnum Brown, the assistant curator of the American Museum of Natural History who was named after the circus impresario P.T. Barnum) spared the king of dinosaurs from being saddled with the plebeian name Manospondylus. In 1905, the patrician president of Browns museum, Henry Fairfield Osborn, officially dubbed this dinosaur Tyrannosaurus Rex, Greek for â€Å"tyrant lizard king.† The Tyrannosaur Family Grows Technically, Tyrannosaurus Rex is a species (and the only known species) of the genus Tyrannosaurus. However, paleontologists have since discovered the fossils of numerous related genera, from various parts of the world, which all fall under the general category of tyrannosaurs. Additional tyrannosaur discoveries from North America--including Gorgosaurus, Albertosaurus and Appalachiosaurus--proved different enough from T. Rex to merit being assigned to their own genera, and tyrannosaurs have since been discovered across the expanse of Eurasia, including a few extremely tiny, primitive members of the breed (such as Dilong) from China. A brief word about another genus thats often included in this list of tyrannosaurs, Nanotyrannus (literally, â€Å"tiny tyrant.†) It’s still a matter of some dispute whether this dinosaur, which was identified on the basis of a single fossilized skull discovered in the 1940’s, represents a genuinely new, pint-sized species of tyrannosaur or was simply an unfortunate T. Rex juvenile who happened to die young. Its also possible that Nanotyrannus wasnt a true tyrannosaur at all, but a modestly proportioned theropod of the raptor family. A Girl (or Boy) Tyrannosaurus Rex Named Sue The most spectacular Tyrannosaurus Rex discovery to date was made by the (then) amateur fossil hunter Sue Hendrickson, who unearthed a near-complete Tyrannosaurus Rex skeleton in South Dakota in 1990. Named â€Å"Sue† in Hendrickson’s honor, this individual apparently perished at the age of around 30 from a bite to the head (which counts as natural causes during the Cretaceous period), making it the oldest T. Rex yet identified. (By the way, don’t let the name fool you—it’s unknown whether Dinosaur Sue was male or female, though paleontologists now believe that female tyrannosaurs tended to be bigger than males.) Proving that no good T. Rex deed goes unpunished, Hendrickson spent the next few years after her discovery immersed in legal proceedings pertaining to Sue’s provenance and ownership--kind of like the custody battle in Kramer vs. Kramer, but with a very, very big child at stake. A court finally ruled that Sue’s bones belonged to the person who owned the piece of land where she was discovered, and in 1997 the remains were auctioned off to Chicago’s Field Museum of Natural History for $8 million, at the time a record amount of cash for a single dinosaur. So Many Tyrannosaurus Rex Questions†¦ In a way, the popularity of Tyrannosaurus Rex has been both a blessing and a curse for paleontologists. On the plus side, any scientist who makes a major discovery about T. Rex behavior or physiology is sure to land herself front-page headlines around the world. On the minus side, people don’t like it when their idols are tampered with, especially if a supposedly fearsome, unstoppable dinosaur is shown to be, well, kind of a wimp, or even (heavens forfend) covered with feathers. (There is now some indirect evidence, extrapolated from feathered tyrannosaurs like Yutyrannus, that T. Rex was feathered during at least some part of its life cycle, possibly when it was a hatchling or juvenile.) For example, nothing gets a Tyrannosaurus Rex fan’s blood boiling like the theory that T. Rex scavenged for its food rather than actively hunting it down (the evidence today points to this dinosaur indulging in both behaviors, making Rex an opportunistic predator; see Was T. Rex a Hunter or Scavenger?)), or that this dinosaur was slower than a New York City bus during rush hour, rather than the speedy menace of the Jurassic Park movies (see How Fast Could Dinosaurs Run?). No matter what the experts say, though, you can be sure that Hollywood will go on portraying Tyrannosaurus Rex the old-fashioned way--as the perpetually grumpy, hungry, fleet-footed king of the dinosaurs.

Tuesday, December 31, 2019

American Security and Police Modeled After The English

As we are now living in a century where everything is more organized, when a crime is committed, the first thing that comes to our minds is police officers. Due to the fact that we are surrounded by thousands of police departments, we no longer give them the right attention they deserve; rather we take them for granted. Well before it was nothing compare to now, it took many years for England to develop a security system, which later on America copied some of the fundamental techniques. England helped America guide the policing system to be more effective. Such as something so basic as the title Sheriffs come from the word shire reeves, which is from England (The History of Policing, 2014, p.3). English plays an extremely essential role in American policing. America adopted the English common law; the high importance placed on individual privileges, the court structure, and numerous methods of punishment, alongside with local authority of law enforcement agencies. This adaptingâ€⠄¢s contributed three stable qualities to American policing. The first one was tradition of restricted police power. Second one was tradition of law enforcement agencies. Lastly extremely distributed, and divided system of law enforcement. Due to that system we adopted the United States is distinctive in developing about 15,000 individual law enforcement agencies, focus merely to minimum organization and very tiny national power or procedures (Walker and Katz, 2002 p.24). America appropriated fromShow MoreRelatedFreedom vs Security - George Orwell, 19842554 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Freedom vs. Security: 1984, a Mirror of Today’s Governments and their Methods of Mass Control Tanks to technology and, mostly, its applications in the field of communication, governments and business corporations from all around the world have now more power than ever to track and influence what we buy, what we listen to, what we read, what we watch and, ultimately, what we believe. Recent terrorist threats and armed conflicts that have taken place around the globe have prompted a general feelingRead MoreComprehensive Immigration Reform And The United States3309 Words   |  14 PagesComprehensive immigration reform has been a pressing issue in the United States (U.S.) for decades. Immigration reform was one of the major platforms the President used to campaign and draw an unprecedented amount of Latino support. Six years after those promises were made, Congress and the President continue to disagree about the methodology and necessary framework for such reform. Each has proposed different approaches to solving immigration. Conservatives have pushed for stricter enforcement ofRead MoreGeorge Orwell : The Conscience Of A War Torn Generation Essay2273 Words   |  10 PagesEngland where they were able to make do. 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Sunday, December 22, 2019

Literature And The English Literature Essay - 1537 Words

Literature can briefly be defined as written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit; books and writings published on a particular subject or leaflets and other printed matter used to advertise products or give advice. One of the most popular forms of literature would be English literature. If one would look up the definition for English literature, the best descriptive information would be that it’s impression and format is over one hundred years old, and continues to be one of the most common studied forms of art, as far as written, studied in high schools and universities around the world. English literature is basically the study of literature that has been written in the English language. This form of literature expands past the most common American language and dates back to the Shakespearean and Renaissance timeline. 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Saturday, December 14, 2019

Professionalism in the Army Free Essays

A soldier is measured by his ability to do his job successfully, tactfully, and professionally. Being a professional at everything you do will help you succeed in every aspect of your life. The definition of professionalism as by Merriam-Webster is the conduct, aims, or qualities that characterize or mark a profession or professional person. We will write a custom essay sample on Professionalism in the Army or any similar topic only for you Order Now Being in the Ranger Regiment we are considered professionals. How we train, perform, and even hold ourselves to the Army Values and Ranger Creed make us the elite fighting force we are. In this essay I will talk about what professionalism is, what professionalism means to me as well as what it means to this unit, 75th Ranger Regiment. In any profession there are many attributes accompanied with professionalism. In the 75th Ranger Regiment, like all professional jobs, in order to be successful experience, communication, and moral ethics will make any individual succeed. Experience can help save time and effort. Learning from ones past mistakes and accomplishments can be very valuable in any work place. Being able to effectively communicate is key. As an intelligence professional knowing what to say and how to get into peoples minds can prove to help a great deal on the battle field. Ethics is knowing the difference between right and wrong from good from bad, this is what being a professional is. Every single person’s morals and values of life are different. To me professionalism means to lead by example, to try your best and give it your all no matter who is watching. As well as to put in the time and effort, to act on your best behavior and to get any task presented done giving one hundred percent. These are all traits of what professionalism means to me. No matter if your a private or a commander being a professional within this unit is the standard we all should live by. What Professionalism means to the 75th Ranger Regiment is simple. If you follow and uphold the Ranger Creed you will always be successful within this unit. Giving one hundred percent even when no one is watching. Being the best at ones job giving one hundred percent, these are all traits of a professional within this organization, and what the Ranger Creed stands by. In conclusion, being a profession will help you succeed in life. Leading by example, or giving it your all when no one is watching. This is what I believe professionalism means to me as well as this unit. These are the conduct, aims, or qualities that characterize or mark a profession or professional person. How to cite Professionalism in the Army, Papers

Friday, December 6, 2019

Neo Malthusian Dilemma

Question: What is the Neo-Malthusian Dilemma? How Might We Best Approach Solving the Perceived Neo-Malthus. Answer: Introduction The Neo-Malthusians perspectives arose from the ideas of Malthus. Malthus was a renowned scholar and cleric who was very influential in the demography as well as in the political economy domain. He is, however, popularly known for his theorizing on population control through the use of artificial birth control methods. The neo-Malthusian theorists further advanced Malthusian's idea and they maintain that human population growth is exponential and can eventually outpace the rate at which resources such as food are produced if it is not adequately monitored (Cullather, 2014). Nonetheless, the Neo- Malthusian ideas differ from the traditional Malthusian theory about the proposed birth control methods. As a result, there is the emergence of what has been described as the Neo- Malthusian dilemma. The primary aim of this paper, therefore, is to discuss and analyze the concept of the Neo-Malthusian dilemma as well as analyzing the best approaches by which the Neo-Malthusian dilemma can be s olved. The Neo-Malthusian dilemma is manifested in the rapidly growing population versus the low level of productivity (Cullather, 2014). Such asymmetrical comparison results to poverty which in turn threatens the sustainable development and continued low level of the quality of life (Koubi, V., Spilker, Bhmelt Bernauer, 2014). According to the neo-Malthusian model, the earth has the ability to support sustainable agricultural needs for a limited population and should overpopulation occur there will be inevitable economic and social outcomes. Overpopulation, as perceived by the Neo-Malthusian, will not only affect the agricultural productivity but will also lead to depletion of the world's resources, poverty as well as starvation. In general, therefore, the Neo-Malthusian dilemma refers to two significant aspects. These are population growth and low level of resources productivity which results to other adverse results (Tadjoeddin, Chowdhury, Murshed, 2012). According to Kerr (2014), huma n population growth has inevitably led to ecological damage and overexploitation of resources thus leading to heightened levels of poverty. Similarly, the scale of human dependency on the resources is unsustainable because people have almost exploited all of the world's resources. The high population and its rate growth are enhanced by three main factors namely: mortality, fertility and international migration (Bintliff, 2013). For population growth to remain higher, it means that there is high fertility rate, low mortality rate and increased international immigration or even internal migration. In most countries of the world internal migration takes place when people tend to migrate from rural to urban areas. Rural-urban migration thus results in the spatial distribution of the population (Bintliff, 2013). The consequence of rural-urban migration is that there is the concentration of population in limited areas thus resulting to unsustainable development. For instance, when a vast population is concentrated in an urban center it means that there is high competition for job opportunities and resources such as housing, water, food and health care. There is also ensuing high rate of crime. This form of competition and threatened sustainable development leads to poverty and low level of life quality particularly for those who cannot afford some of these services and facilities. To best deal with the Neo-Malthusian dilemma Rust (2010) argues that it is important to ensure reduced growth in population. Reduced or having the population growth under control fundamentally solves the problem of overpopulation, overconsumption, and exhaustion of resources. As a result, there will be sustainable development, improved quality of life and poverty alleviation. For this reason, it is essential to identify the most appropriate methods of controlling the rate of population growth. The Neo-Malthusians perceive population control as the programs and policies and programs that are intentionally aimed at decreasing population growth (Myrdal, 2013). Population growth links the Neo-Malthusian perspective and development plans in that the rising population is seen by the Neo-Malthusian as an impediment to a national economic growth (Komu, Edward Ethelberg, 2015). There are three strategies which have been perceived as the most essential in controlling population growth. These are; raising mortality rate, lowering of fertility and promoting migration (Bintliff, 2013). It is, however, acceptable that raising of mortality rate may be unacceptable due to cultural, ethical, legal and spiritual reasons. In other words, the deliberate rising of mortality rate is acting against humanity. In addition, promotion of migration as a method of controlling population growth is less practical since again it is unethical or illegal to forcefully evict people from one area and force them to establish a settlement in another place against their wish (Rust, 2010). Therefore, following the infeasibility of the two methods, the only feasible method of population growth control is lowering of fertility. The strategy has been widely adopted as the goal for population control policies and interventions. Population control methods are classified as either coercive or passive (Komu, Edward Ethelberg, 2015). While coercive methods entail the use of forced population control mechanisms such as the China's one-child policy, passive mechanism, on the other hand, allows couples to choose the number of children they wish to have. The passive mechanism of population growth refers to such strategies as the use of birth control methods such as contraceptives, abstinence, celibacy, vasectomy and voluntary abortions (Komu, Edward Ethelberg, 2015).Although the coercive mechanisms of population growth are forceful in nature and the fact that the passive methods may contradict some of the cultural and societal values, the methods remain the most fundamental in population control. In conclusion, it is evident that increased population growth has resulted in undesirable outcomes that directly affect the human population in turn. As Kerr (2014) postulates majority of the problems that the earth is experiencing in the modern day emanate from the increased population. He also adds that the solution to these problems intrinsically lies in controlling the population growth. The world has already got more population than its carrying capacity or more than it can support. Consequently, reduction in fertility is a necessary mechanism that will see the world evade the economic and ecological collapse because there will be reduced population and sustainable development. Although controversies are surrounding the various methods of population control more so the use of coercive methods it remains justifiable to monitor the population for the benefit of the entire society. That way, the world will be able to overcome the Neo-Malthusian dilemma. References Bintliff, J. (2013). Regional survey, demography, and the rise of complex societies in the ancient Aegean: Core-periphery, neo-Malthusian, and other interpretive models. Journal of Field Archaeology. Cullather, N. (2014). Stretching the Surface of the Earth: The Foundations, Neo-Malthusianism and the Modernising Agenda. Global Society, 28(1), 104-112. Kerr, D. (2014). Wasted World: How Our Consumption Challenges the Planet. Canadian Studiesin Population, 41(3-4), 135-136. Komu, M. D., Edward, A., Ethelberg, S. N. (2015). Family planning and population control in developing countries: Ethical and sociocultural dilemmas. Online Journal of Health Ethics, 11(1), 6. Koubi, V., Spilker, G., Bhmelt, T., Bernauer, T. (2014). Do natural resources matter forinterstate and intrastate armed conflict?. Journal of Peace Research, 51(2), 227-243. Myrdal, A. (2013). A programme for family security in Sweden. International Labour Review,152(s1), 47-58. Rust, D. L. (2010). The Ethics of Controlling Population Growth in the Developing World.Intersect, 3(1). Tadjoeddin, M. Z., Chowdhury, A., Murshed, S. M. (2012). Routine violence in Java, Indonesia: Neo-Malthusian and social justice perspectives. In Climate Change, Human Security and Violent Conflict (pp. 633-650). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.